Failure & Defect Analysis
When solar cells experience a decrease in efficiency or electrical abnormalities, failure analysis techniques can be used for defect localization and cause determination.
Analysis items
- Substrate defect analysis
- Edge leakage analysis
- Crack defect analysis
- Metal Electrode Failure Analysis
- Electrical anomaly localization
EMMI defect localization
- leakage (junction/oxide):Oxideleakage (Low temperature)leakage and so on
- hot electrons (bulk)
EL images of polycrystalline silicon solar cells
EMMI analysis of silicon solar cell FA
EMMI & TEM Silicon Solar Cell FA
